{"id":3631,"date":"2021-10-18T07:16:22","date_gmt":"2021-10-18T07:16:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/?p=3631"},"modified":"2022-05-20T02:42:26","modified_gmt":"2022-05-20T02:42:26","slug":"%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8e%e5%88%86%e4%bc%97%e5%8c%96%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e7%90%86%e5%bf%b5%e7%9a%84%e5%8d%9a%e7%89%a9%e9%a6%86%e8%a7%82%e4%bc%97%e8%b0%83%e6%9f%a5%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e4%b8%8e%e6%80%9d%e8%80%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/?p=3631","title":{"rendered":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u601d\u8003\u2014\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u5357\u4eac\u535a\u7269\u9662\u4e3a\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u5316\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u559c\u95fb\u4e50\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4f11\u95f2\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba \u6253\u5361\u7684\u7f51\u7ea2\u666f\u70b9\u3002\u5357\u4eac\u535a\u7269\u9662\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u5357\u535a\u201d\uff09\u81ea 2013 \u5e74\u65b0\u9986\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u6570\u91cf\u4ece\u6bcf\u5e7460\u4e07\u4eba\u6b21\u63d0\u5347\u5230416.89 \u4e07\u4eba\u6b21\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u65e5\u4eba\u5747\u9017\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece1.5 \u5c0f\u65f6\u63d0\u5347\u81f3\u8fd14\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5357\u4eac\u7684\u65b0\u6587\u5316\u5730\u6807\u3001\u516c\u5171\u6587\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u6587\u660e\u5355\u4f4d\u548c\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u70ed\u70b9\u666f\u533a\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5357\u535a\u89c2\u4f17\u91cf\u7684\u9010\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u5357\u535a\u7684\u5c55\u89c8\u54c1\u8d28\u3001\u5c55\u5385\u73af\u5883\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5357\u535a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8f83\u65e9\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u65ad\u6ee1\u8db3\u516c\u4f17\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u5316\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u52a0\u4f18\u8d28\u4fbf\u6377\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6587\u5316\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u5316\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u201c\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u201d\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u672a\u6765\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u963f\u5c14\u6587\u00b7\u6258\u592b\u52d2\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u5206\u4f17\u4f20\u64ad\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u53d7\u4f17\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6027\uff0c\u9762\u5411\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u53d7\u4f17\u7fa4\u4f53\u6216\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u535a\u7269\u9986\u201c\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u662f\u4ece\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u535a\u7269\u9986\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u642d\u5efa\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u89c2\u4f17\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u627e\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6240\u9700\u6240\u7231\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6548\u80fd\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4ee3\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u7406\u5ff5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7531\u53c2\u89c2\u9884\u7ea6\u3001\u6d3b\u52a8\u9884\u7ea6\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u201c\u95ee\u5427\u201d\u3001\u7279\u5c55\u95e8\u7968\u9500\u552e\u3001\u5bfc\u89c8\u79df\u501f\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u6784\u6210\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u535a\u7269 \u9986\u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4fbf\u6377\u548c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u53c2\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u6349\u89c2\u4f17\u5230\u9986\u53c2\u89c2\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u53c2\u89c2\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5bf9\u641c\u96c6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u5f52\u7eb3\u3001\u4ea4\u53c9\u5bf9\u6bd4\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u8be6\u5b9e\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8f85\u52a9\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5b8c\u6210\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u89c6\u5357\u535a \u201c\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u7684\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5bfc\u5357\u535a\u5b9e\u8df5\u66f4\u4e3a\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u201d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u8236\u6765\u54c1\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u535a\u7269\u9986 \u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u65e9\u6e90\u4e8e\u56fd\u5916\u300219 \u4e16\u7eaa \u672b\uff0c\u56fd\u5916\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u89c2\u4f17\u5c55\u5f00\u7814\u7a76\u8c03\u67e5\u30021897 \u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u5f17\u8d3a\u5948\u5c14\uff08 G. T.Fechner\uff09\u9996\u5148\u7528\u95ee \u7b54\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u53cd\u6620\u300220 \u4e16\u7eaa 20 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u5173\u6ce8\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f17\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u5bdf\u5206\u6790\u89c2\u4f17\u53c2\u89c2\u7684\u8868\u60c5\u3001\u884c \u4e3a\uff0c\u6765\u4e0d\u65ad\u6539\u8fdb\u5c55\u9648\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u53c2\u89c2\u8def\u7ebf\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u9010\u6e10\u6d3b\u8dc3\u8d77\u6765\u30021975 \u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u535a \u7269\u9986\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u80af\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7\u8d6b\u5fb7\u68ee\uff08Kenneth Hudson\uff09\u5728\u300a\u535a\u7269\u9986\u793e\u4f1a\u53f2\u300b\uff08A Social History of Museums\uff09 \u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u5e02\u573a\u8c03\u67e5\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u5317\u7f8e\u5730\u533a \u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5e02\u573a\u8c03\u67e5\u5df2\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u4ece 20 \u4e16 \u7eaa 70 \u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f00\u59cb\u5448\u73b0 \u51fa\u201c\u4e95\u55b7\u201d\u5f0f\u589e\u957f\u3002\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8c03\u7814\u7ed3\u679c\u6210\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a \u535a\u7269\u9986\u6307\u5bfc\u81ea\u8eab\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba9\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u754c\u4e2d\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u70ed\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u53d7\u8bf8\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5 \u5de5\u4f5c\u8d77\u6b65\u8f83\u665a\u30021985 \u5e74\uff0c\u5f20\u677e\u9f84\u7387\u5148\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e0a\u6d77\u79d1\u666e\u6e38\u4e50\u9986\u7684\u4e34\u5c55\u201c\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e0e\u5b83\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u201d\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u738b\u5efa\u56fd\u7387\u5148\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6b27\u7f8e\u535a\u7269\u9986 \u5b66\u5173\u4e8e\u89c2\u4f17\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u9648\u5b8f\u4eac\u57281986 \u5e74\u5c31\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bfe\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u505a\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\u6b27\u7f8e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u88ab\u4f20\u5165\u56fd\u5185\u30021987 \u5e74\uff0c\u5434\u536b\u56fd\u5148\u751f\u5e26\u9886\u5357\u5f00\u5927\u5b66\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u5bf9\u4eac\u6d25\u5730\u533a\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5f00\u5c55\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u4eac\u6d25\u5730\u533a\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2 \u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u6211\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\u754c\u8fd0\u7528\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u89c2\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5148\u6cb3\u3002\u4f46\u57282000 \u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5173\u4e8e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u30022000 \u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f88\u591a\u9ad8\u6821\u548c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u624d\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u5409\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u7b49\u9ad8\u6821\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5e08\u751f\u8054\u5408\u76f8\u5173\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff1b\u4e0a\u6d77\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3001\u6545\u5bab\u535a\u7269\u9662\u7b49\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u4e5f\u76f8\u7ee7\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u30022008 \u5e74\uff0c\u949f\u7426\u63d0\u51fa\u6211\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\u79d1\u666e\u6d3b\u52a8\u8bc4\u4f30\u5904\u4e8e\u521d\u7ea7\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f83\u4e3a\u5355\u4e00\uff0c\u62bd\u6837\u8bef\u5dee\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u5c0f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5bf9\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u9879\u76ee\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5bf9\u535a\u7269\u9986\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u53ea\u6709\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c4\u6027\u91cd\u590d\u5f00\u5c55\u4e14\u5448\u87ba\u65cb\u5f0f\u4e0a\u5347\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5bfb\u627e\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u601d\u8def\u8d77\u5230\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u4eca\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u89c2\u4f17\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u535a\u7269\u9986\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u7406\u5ff5\u5f00\u5c55\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u641c\u96c6\u5230\u66f4\u52a0\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u53cd\u9988\u4fe1\u606f\u8865\u5145\u5230\u73b0\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6253\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u4e92\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7684\u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u8ba9\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u66f4\u5177\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u521b\u65b0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

21 \u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5f00\u59cb\u5173\u6ce8\u793e\u4f1a\u8bed\u5883\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53c2\u89c2\u8005\u4f53\u9a8c\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5f00\u59cb\u5f3a\u8c03\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e0e\u53c2\u89c2\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u53c2\u89c2\u8005 \u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u5851\u9020\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u2014\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u65b0\u5a92\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u5efa\u7acb\u4ee5\u89c2\u4f17\u4e3a \u5bfc\u5411\u7684\u6570\u636e\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u7cbe\u51c6\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u5730\u628a\u63e1\u548c\u9884\u89c1\u89c2\u4f17\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4ee5\u89c2\u4f17\u670d\u52a1\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u5e1d\u9675\u535a\u7269\u9662\u66fe\u57fa\u4e8e\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u7814\u7a76\uff1b\u91cd\u5e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e09\u5ce1\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5728\u667a\u6167\u7ba1\u7406\u5e73\u53f0\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u66fe\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u8138\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u8fb9\u7f18\u8ba1\u7b97\u6280\u672f\u7b49\u83b7\u53d6\u53c2\u89c2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u5bf9\u89c2\u4f17\u4eba\u6570\u3001\u6027\u522b\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u505c\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5927\u6570\u636e\u76f4\u89c2\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e86\u89e3\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u6587\u7269\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e3a\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7b56\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u51b3\u7b56\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u4e5f\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u535a\u7269\u9986 \u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u8df5\u667a\u6167\u5bfc\u89c8\u6765\u63a2\u7a76\u89c2\u4f17\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u6cd5\u8001\u00b7\u738b\u201d\u201c\u5e1d\u56fd\u76db\u4e16\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u5357\u535a\u6700\u65e9\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5b9e\u8df5\u667a\u6167\u5bfc\u89c8\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e34\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u5185\u5bb9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u884c\u4e1a\u9886\u5148\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u8c03\u7814\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e34\u5c55\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u53c2\u89c2\u8def\u7ebf\u3001\u63a8\u5e7f\u65b9\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u53c2\u8003\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u5b9e\u8df5\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u667a\u6167\u5bfc\u89c8\u4e0e\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\u4e4b\u5148\u6cb3\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba9\u5357\u535a\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u591a\u7ef4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u201c\u5584\u89e3\u4eba\u610f\u201d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5728\u5357\u535a\u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u89c2\u9884\u7ea6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u641c\u96c6\u5230\u8bbf\u5357\u535a\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u6027\u522b\u3001\u6765\u6e90\u5730\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u670d\u52a1\u9879\u76ee\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u53c2\u89c2\u4eba\u6570\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u89c2\u4f17\u5206\u6d41\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u53c2\u89c2\u73af\u5883\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u53c2\u89c2\u8d28\u91cf\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u79df\u501f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u641c\u96c6\u5230\u79df\u501f\u8005\u7684\u6027\u522b\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u53c2\u89c2\u65f6\u957f\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u53e0\u52a0\u201d\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u91c7\u96c6\u5230\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u79fb\u52a8\u8def\u7ebf\u3001\u5173\u6ce8\u70ed\u70b9\u3001\u6b23\u8d4f\u6587\u7269\u7684\u505c\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u53e0\u52a0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u540e\u53f0\u3002\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u53e0\u52a0\u201d\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c47\u603b\u89c2\u4f17\u5355\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u4fe1\u606f\u53d8\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u53c2\u8003\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u5357\u535a\u667a\u6167 \u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u62d3\u5c55\u4e86\u5357\u535a\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u3001\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u963b\u788d\uff0c\u8ba9\u5357\u535a\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u4e86\u89e3\u89c2\u4f17\u9700\u6c42,\u4e3a\u89c2\u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u91c7\u96c6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4eba\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u6548\u679c\u6709\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fd1 20 \u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c \u5357\u535a\u66fe\u5f00\u5c55\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u4eba\u5de5\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u5c55\u89c8\u9648\u5217\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6bd4\u8f83\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u9762\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u6295\u5165\u5c11\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u89c2\u9762\u5bf9\u516c\u4f17\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u4eba\u5de5\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u4e0e\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u4e0d\u518d\u91c7\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7eb8\u8d28\u95ee\u5377\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bfc\u5165\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u5377\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u8005\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f15\u5bfc\u89c2\u4f17\u901a\u8fc7\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\u5b8c\u6210\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u8c03\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4f0d\u65af\u7279\u7406\u5de5\u5b66 \u9662\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u63d0\u9ad8\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u66f4\u4e50\u610f\u4e3a\u8c03\u67e5\u4f53\u9a8c\u505a\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c \u5357\u535a\u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4e3a\u89c2\u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u9884\u7ea6\u53c2\u89c2\u3001\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u79df\u501f\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u975e\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9\u89c2\u4f17\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u53cc\u7ba1\u9f50\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f18\u52bf\u4e92\u8865\uff0c\u4f7f\u5357\u535a\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u667a\u6167\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5357\u535a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u4f17\u670d\u52a1\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c \u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b 5 \u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u53c2\u89c2\u9884\u7ea6\u670d\u52a1\u30022019 \u5e74 1 \u6708 25 \u65e5\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u535a\u7269\u9662\u6b63\u5f0f\u5b9e\u884c\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u89c2\u5168\u95e8\u7968\u9884\u7ea6\u5236\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a \u8fc7\u5fae\u4fe1\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001PC \u7248\u95e8\u7968\u9884\u7ea6\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u524d 20 \u5929\u9884\u7ea6\u53c2\u89c2\u95e8\u7968\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ebf\u4e0a\u9884\u7ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6e38\u5ba2\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef \u4ee5\u73b0\u573a\u5728\u53d6\u7968\u673a\u4e0a\u767b\u8bb0\u53d6\u7968\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5357\u535a\u5168 \u5e74\u5bf9\u5916\u5f00\u653e 337 \u5929\uff08\u4e0d\u542b\u9664\u5915\u548c\u5927\u5e74\u521d\u4e00\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u5468 \u4e00\u4e0b\u5348\uff09\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u63a5\u5f85\u91cf\uff0c\u5171\u63a5\u5f85\u6e38\u5ba2 416.89 \u4e07\u4eba\u6b21\uff0c 70% \u7684\u6e38\u5ba2\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u4e0a\u9884\u7ea6\u8fdb\u573a\u53c2\u89c2\uff0c\u5171\u63a5\u5f85\u56e2\u961f 9 980 \u4e2a\u3002\uff082\uff09\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u79df\u501f\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5357\u535a\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668 \u79df\u501f\u670d\u52a1\u5305\u542b\u8bed\u97f3\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u79df\u501f\u548c\u667a\u6167\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u79df \u501f\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5168\u9662\u56db\u4e2a\u79df\u501f\u70b9\u5b8c\u6210\u79df\u501f\u4e0e\u5f52\u8fd8\u3002 2019 \u5e74\u5357\u535a\u5171\u5411\u89c2\u4f17\u79df\u501f\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668 534 448 \u53f0\u6b21\uff0c\u5176 \u4e2d\u5411\u89c2\u4f17\u79df\u501f\u667a\u6167\u5bfc\u89c8 115 130 \u53f0\u6b21\uff0c\u79df\u501f\u8bed\u97f3\u5bfc \u89c8 419 318 \u53f0\u6b21\u3002\u4e14\u6bcf 100 \u540d\u6e38\u5ba2\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709 14.8 \u4eba\u79df \u501f\u4e86\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709 3.19 \u4eba\u79df\u501f\u7684\u662f\u667a\u6167\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u3002 \uff083\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u9884\u7ea6\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5357\u535a\u7684\u5fae\u4fe1\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u516c \u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u9884\u7ea6\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6d3b\u52a8\u9884\u7ea6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u89c2\u4f17\u63d0 \u4f9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5bfc\u89c8\u524d\u77bb\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5206\u4eab \u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u30022019 \u5e74\u5357\u535a\u9762\u5411\u5168\u5e74\u9f84\u6bb5\u516c\u4f17\u5f00\u5c55\u6559\u80b2\u6d3b\u52a8 1 271 \u573a\u6b21\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u9986\u6821\u5408\u4f5c\u548c\u5b9a\u5236\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6709 961 \u573a\u6b21\u6d3b\u52a8\u91c7\u7528\u7ebf\u4e0a\u9884\u7ea6\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u573a\u7ebf\u4e0a\u9884 \u7ea6\u6d3b\u52a8\u53c2\u52a0\u4eba\u6570\u4e3a 22.8 \u4eba\uff0c\u6d3b\u52a8\u603b\u4f53\u9884\u7ea6\u5230\u573a\u7387\u4e3a 89.48%\uff0c\u8f832018 \u5e74\u9884\u7ea6\u5230\u573a\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86 3%\u3002\uff084\uff09\u667a\u80fd\u54a8\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\u30022019 \u5e74 1\u6708\u5357\u535a\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u63a8 \u51fa\u4e86\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u53c2\u89c2\u795e\u5668\u2014\u2014\u2014\u95ee\u5427\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u65b0\u578b\u667a\u80fd \u7ebf\u4e0a\u54a8\u8be2\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u89c2\u4f17\u5728\u5357\u535a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u201c\u95ee\u5427\u201d\u5c31\u53ef \u4ee5\u5c06\u89c2\u4f17\u548c\u9986\u5185\u4e13\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5e73\u53f0\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u201c\u95ee \u5427\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u54a8\u8be2\u603b\u91cf\u4e3a 795 072 \u6b21\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8 \u56de\u7b54\u7387\u8fbe 97.54%\u3002\uff085\uff09\u62bd\u6837\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u5357\u4eac\u535a\u7269\u9662\u7684\u201c\u786c \u4ef6\u8bbe\u65bd\u201d\u201c\u5c55\u89c8\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u6d3b\u52a8\u201d\u201c\u516c\u5171\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u8fd9\u4e09\u5927\u9879\u76ee \u5c55\u5f00\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u5357\u535a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u53ca\u5176\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5f3a \u5316\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e0e\u89c2\u4f17\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5256\u6790\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u5357\u535a\u5404\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u7684 \u91cd\u89c6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\uff0c\u603b\u8ba1\u53d1\u653e 1 317 \u4efd\u95ee\u5377\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u65f6 \u95f4\u4e3a\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u62bd\u6837\u65f6\u95f4\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u5728\u6bcf\u65e5\u9ad8\u5cf0\u65f6\u6bb5\u4e0e\u79bb \u5cf0\u65f6\u6bb5\u3001\u5e73\u5e38\u65e5\u4e0e\u8282\u5047\u65e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u51c6\u786e\u53cd\u6620\u53c2\u89c2\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u670d \u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u4e0e\u610f\u89c1\u3002 \u65b9\u5f0f 1~4\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd0\u7528\u7684\u662f\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u89c2 \u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u3001\u591a\u89d2\u5ea6\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u641c\u96c6\u5230\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76 \u8fdb\u884c\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5904\u7406\u3002\u65b9\u5f0f 5 \u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8865\u5145\u6709\u5173\u89c2 \u4f17\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9 \u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u8fd0\u7528 SAS\u3001SPSS\u3001Excel \u7b49\u4e13\u4e1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u4e25\u8c28\u4e14\u7b26\u5408\u903b\u8f91 \u6027\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u62bd\u6837\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f \u4e92\u8865\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u4e0e\u641c\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e86\u535a\u7269\u9986\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u2014\u53cd\u9988\u4e0e\u68c0\u9a8c\u2014\u63d0\u5347\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u7684\u87ba \u65cb\u5f0f\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u5728\u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u6700\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u95ee \u5427\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u7f51\u8d2d\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u535a\u7269\u9986\u754c\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u662f\u9996\u5bb6\u5c06\u5176\u8fd0\u7528\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u670d \u52a1\u4e2d\u3002\u5357\u535a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u5ba2\u670d + \u4eba\u5de5\u5ba2\u670d\u201d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u6a21 \u5f0f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6574\u5408\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5c06\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7b54\u6848\u76f4\u63a5\u5448\u73b0\u7ed9\u89c2\u4f17\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u5feb\u901f\u627e\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u54a8\u8be2 \u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u9488\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u5728\u7ebf\u4eba\u5de5\u5ba2\u670d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u7b54\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b9a\u671f\u6574\u7406 \u6210\u5339\u914d\u7684\u95ee\u7b54\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5230\u201c\u95ee\u5427\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c \u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u201c\u95ee\u5427\u201d\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c \u5f62\u6210\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e0e\u89c2\u4f17\u4e4b\u95f4\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u6216\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4e3a\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6539\u8fdb\u63d0\u4f9b\u79d1\u5b66\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u89c2\u4f17\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u53cd\u9988<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u6027\u522b\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u5c45\u4f4f\u5730\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u522b\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u5e74\u9f84\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\uff0c\u5bf9\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u53c2\u89c2\u76ee\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5b9e\u65bd\u5206\u4f17\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8003\u91cf\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u80fd\u591f\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 \u76f4\u89c2\u63cf\u8ff0\u6cd5\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u3001\u9891\u6b21\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u7b49\u5bf9\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u6570 \u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6839\u636e\u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u6301\u7eed\u4e00\u5e74\u641c\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u77e5\uff1a\u5230\u5357\u535a\u53c2\u89c2\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u4e2d\u5973\u6027\u89c2\u4f17\u5360 56.67%\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u89c2\u4f17\u5360 43.33%\uff08\u56fe 1\uff09\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u89c2\u4f17\u6bd4\u4f8b\u9ad8\u4e8e\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u6b27\u7f8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u89c2\u4f17 \u4e2d\u6709\u8fd1 13%\u4f1a\u79df\u501f\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u53c2\u89c2\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e94\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u4ef7\u683c\u7565\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u89c6\u7684\u667a\u6167\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u53c2\u89c2\u3002\u5728\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u79df\u501f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\uff0c\u79df\u501f\u667a\u6167\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u5973\u6027\u89c2\u4f17\u5360 58.44%\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u89c2\u4f17\u5360 41.56% \uff08\u56fe 2\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u5973\u6027\u89c2\u4f17\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u4ea7 \u54c1\u6d88\u8d39\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6587\u5316\u6b63\u8d8b\u4e8e\u5e74\u8f7b\u5316\u3002\u5357\u535a\u5728\u8c03 \u67e5\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0 20~29 \u5c81\u5e74\u9f84\u5c42\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u6700\u591a\uff0c35 \u5c81\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0b \u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u5360\u6bd464.57%\u3002\u800c\u79df\u501f\u5357\u535a\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u7fa4 \u4f53\u4e2d\u9752\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e5f\u5df2\u8fc7\u534a\u3002\u6839\u636e\u56fd\u5185\u65c5\u6e38\u884c\u4e1a\u7edf \u8ba1\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6e38\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e2d 19~28 \u5c81\u7684\u201c90\u540e\u4eec\u201d \u5360\u636e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7231\u597d\u8005\u7684\u534a\u58c1\u6c5f\u5c71\uff0c\u6240\u5360\u6bd4\u4f8b\u9ad8\u8fbe47.4%\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u76ee\u524d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5c55\u89c8\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u5e02\u573a\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9752\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u53ef\u4e92\u52a8\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u9986\u3001\u53ef\u6c89\u6d78\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u6c11\u56fd\u9986\u90fd\u662f\u9752\u5e74\u89c2\u4f17\u559c\u7231\u7684\u5c55\u89c8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u9986\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u548c\u5bb6\u957f\u4eec\u7684\u559c\u7231\u3002\u535a\u7269\u9986\u793e\u4f1a\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u4f7f\u5f97\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6210\u4e3a\u5b66\u6821\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u201c\u7ec8\u8eab\u5b66\u5802\u201d\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u89c2\u4f17\u53c2\u89c2\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5e94\u8be5 \u4e0e\u5916\u5730\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u730e\u5947\u7684\u6210\u5206\u6709\u6240\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u51fa\u4e8e\u5145\u5b9e\u77e5 \u8bc6\u7684\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u9648\u5217\u5c55\u89c8\u4e0d\u80fd \u4e00\u6210\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u89c2\u4f17\u6301\u201c** \u535a\u7269\u9986\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u518d\u53bb\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u30022017\u5e74\u5357\u535a\u5c31\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u89c2\u4f17\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u53cd\u590d\u524d\u6765\u53c2\u89c2\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7 10 \u6b21\u3002\u800c\u6839\u636e\u5357\u535a\u89c2\u4f17\u5c45\u4f4f\u5730\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u663e\u793a\uff08\u56fe 3\uff09\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u6c5f\u6d59\u6caa\u89c2\u4f17\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u5357\u535a\u89c2\u4f17\u603b\u91cf\u7684 1\/3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6765\u81ea\u6c5f\u82cf\u7701 \u5185\u7684\u53c2\u89c2\u89c2\u4f17\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u6c5f\u82cf\u5730\u533a\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u4e2d\u53c8\u4ee5\u5357\u4eac \u672c\u5730\u89c2\u4f17\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6b27\u7f8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u65c5\u6e38\u4e8b\u4e1a\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u535a\u7269 \u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u4e2d\u5916\u56fd\u6e38\u5ba2\u5360\u5f88\u5927\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u521a\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u5357\u535a\u9662\u957f\u9f9a\u826f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e34\u65f6\u5c55\u89c8\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e38\u53d8\u5e38\u65b0\uff0c\u662f\u5438\u5f15\u89c2 \u4f17\u4e0d\u65ad\u8d70\u8fdb\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6df1 \u5ea6\u7231\u597d\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e34\u65f6\u5c55\u89c8\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u53cd\u590d\u6765\u535a\u7269\u9986\u53c2\u89c2 \u7684\u4fc3\u52a8\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u5c55\u89c8\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u4f17 \u6559\u80b2\u6d3b\u52a8\u5c65\u884c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u201c\u7ec8\u8eab\u5b66\u5802\u201d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u804c\u8d23\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 \u6bcf\u6708\u4e00\u671f\u7684\u5357\u535a\u8bb2\u575b\u3001\u6bcf\u5929\u4e0b\u5348\uff08\u9664\u4e86\u95ed\u9986\u65e5\uff09\u8001\u8336\u9986\u7684\u975e\u9057\u6f14\u51fa\u7b49\uff0c\u8ba9\u89c2\u4f17\u4ece\u5076\u7136\u6027\u53c2\u89c2\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5357\u535a\u672c\u5730\u89c2\u4f17\u53c2\u89c2\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e \u5357\u535a\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u6253\u9020\u201c\u7ec8\u8eab\u5b66\u5802\u201d\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u89c2\u4f17\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53cd\u9988<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u884c\u4e3a\u9664\u89c2\u4f17\u53c2\u89c2\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u53cd\u6620\u89c2\u4f17\u53c2\u89c2\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4ece\u6d3b\u751f \u751f\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u62bd\u8c61\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u601d\u7ef4\u518d\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u771f\u7406\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5ba2\u89c2\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u201d\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u884c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5c31\u662f\u8fd0\u7528\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5c55\u89c8\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5bf9\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u7efc\u5408\u7814\u7a76,\u627e\u51fa\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5bfc\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4ece\u89c2\u4f17\u9009\u62e9\u5230\u9986\u53c2\u89c2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u53c2\u89c2\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u7269\u7684\u65f6 \u957f\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u68c0\u9a8c\u5357\u535a\u7684\u5c55\u89c8\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u516c\u4f17\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u636e\u56fd\u5bb6\u6587\u7269\u5c40\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u201c\u5341\u4e09\u4e94\u201d\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u622a\u81f3 2019 \u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf25 \u4e07\u4eba\u5c31\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u5ea7\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\u63a5\u5f85\u89c2\u4f1712.27\u4ebf \u4eba\u6b21\uff0c\u4f4d\u5c45\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\u3002\u201c\u901b\u535a\u7269\u9986\u201d\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u8282\u5047\u65e5\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u4f11\u95f2\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6839\u636e\u672c\u6b21\u8c03\u67e5\u9879\u76ee\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c2019 \u5e74\u5357\u535a\u666e\u901a\u5f00\u653e\u65e5\u65e5\u5747\u53c2\u89c2\u4eba\u6b21\u4e3a 10873 \u4eba\uff0c\u8282\u5047\u65e5\u671f\u95f4\u65e5\u5747\u53c2\u89c2\u4eba\u6b21\u4e3a 23106 \u4eba\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u6709\u6cd5\u5b9a\u8282\u5047\u65e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u5e86\u8282\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u5230\u9662\u53c2\u89c2\u7684\u603b\u4eba\u6b21\u6700\u591a\uff0c\u201c\u6625\u8282\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u65e5\u5230\u9662\u53c2\u89c2\u7684\u89c2 \u4f17\u91cf\u6700\u591a\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u5404\u6cd5\u5b9a\u8282\u5047\u65e5\u65e5\u5747\u63a5\u5f85\u6e38\u5ba2\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u666e\u901a\u5f00\u653e\u65e5\u65e5\u5747\u63a5\u5f85\u91cf\u76842 \u500d\uff0c\u6bd4\u6691\u5047\u671f\u95f4\u65e5\u5747\u53c2\u89c2\u91cf\u9ad830%\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u5229\u7528\u5047\u671f\u5230\u5357\u535a\u53c2\u89c2\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5047\u671f\u6bd4\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u8282\u65e5\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u53c2\u89c2\u73af\u5883\u3001\u4fdd\u969c\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u4eab\u53d7\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c \u5357\u535a\u57282019 \u5e74\u5e74\u521d\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u65bd\u9884\u7ea6\u9650\u6d41\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6bcf\u65e5\u53c2\u89c2\u89c2\u4f17\u91cf\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u89c2\u4f17\u5206\u6d41\uff0c\u8ba9\u8282\u5047\u65e5\u671f\u95f4\u5230\u9662\u53c2\u89c2\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u80fd\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u53c2\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u30021916 \u5e74\uff0c\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u7684\u672c\u6770\u660e\u00b7\u827e\u7ef4\u65af\u00b7\u5409\u5c14\u66fc\uff08Benjamin Ives Gilman\uff09\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u4ee5\u535a\u7269\u9986\u89c2\u4f17\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u6708\u520a\u300b\uff08Scientific Monthly Journal\uff09\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u75b2\u52b3\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e3a\u535a\u7269\u9986\u63d0\u51fa\u6539\u9020\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u201c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u75b2\u52b3\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982 \u5ff5\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4f7f\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u5173\u6ce8\u54ea\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u89c2\u3002\u5357\u535a\u5728\u65b0\u9986\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5c55\u5385\u9002\u5f53\u589e\u8bbe\u4f11\u606f\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u5171\u4f11\u95f2\u533a\u57df\u589e\u52a0\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u3001\u536b\u751f\u95f4\u3001\u5496\u5561\u9986\u3001\u5ba4\u5916\u4f11\u606f\u5ea7\u6905\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u6307\u8def\u724c\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u7eff\u690d\u548c\u5149\u7167\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u89c2\u4f17\u5728\u5c01\u95ed\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u538b\u6291\u611f\uff0c \u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5207\u5b9e\u6ee1\u8db3\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4ece\u672c\u6b21\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u6765\u770b\uff0c90%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u5728\u5357\u535a\u6e38\u89c8\u65f6\u957f\u8d85\u8fc7 1 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528\u667a\u6167\u5bfc\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6d4f\u89c8\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u5728 3 \u5c0f\u65f6\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff1b\u4ece\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c11~20 \u5c81\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u5e73\u5747\u6d4f\u89c8\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u957f\uff0c\u4e3a 210.29 \u5206\u949f\uff1b\u89c2\u4f17 \u5728\u5357\u535a\u5e73\u5747\u9017\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u7ea6\u5728\u534a\u5929\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8bf4\u660e\u5357\u535a\u79cd\u7c7b\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5c55\u54c1\u3001\u4e3b\u9898\u591a\u5143\u7684\u5c55\u89c8\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u52a8\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5bfc\u89c8\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u7b26\u5408\u5f53\u4e0b\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u5316\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53e6 \u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5219\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u5357\u535a\u8212\u9002\u7684\u53c2\u89c2\u73af\u5883\u3001\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u65bd\u6d88\u9664\u6216\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e86\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u53c2\u89c2\u75b2\u52b3\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u89c2\u4f17\u613f\u610f\u5728\u5357\u535a\u5ea6\u8fc7\u534a\u5929\u7f8e\u597d\u65f6\u5149\u3002\u9f9a\u826f\u9662\u957f\u5bf9\u5357\u535a\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u662f\u201c\u6587\u5316\u4f11\u95f2\u573a\u6240\u201d\uff0c\u5bd3\u6559\u80b2\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u5357\u535a\u6253\u9020\u6210\u4eba\u6c11\u7fa4\u4f17\u201c\u559c\u95fb\u4e50\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3002\u5357\u535a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u9884\u7ea6\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u4e86\u89e3\u89c2\u4f17\u559c\u7231\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u5e38\u8bbe\u5c55\u89c8\u8fd8\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u5c55\u89c8\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u90fd\u5bf9\u201c\u4e13\u9898\u5bfc\u89c8\u201d\u7c7b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u793e\u6559\u4eba\u5458\u79c9\u6301\u5206\u4f17\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u4e0d\u540c\u5e74\u9f84\u6bb5\u89c2\u4f17\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u9898\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e13\u9898\u5bfc\u89c8\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5bfc\u89c8\u9884\u70ed\uff0c\u52a0\u6df1\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6b21\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u4e13\u9898\u5bfc\u89c8\u201d\u4f9d\u65e7\u662f\u89c2\u4f17\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6d3b\u52a8\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\u201c\u624b\u5de5\u6d3b\u52a8\u201d\u201c\u8bb2\u5ea7\u201d\u201c\u7814\u5b66\u201d\u548c\u201c\u620f\u5267\u201d\u7c7b\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u89c2\u4f17\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u7684\u53cd\u9988<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u89c2\u4f17\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u8c03\u67e5\u91c7\u7528\u674e\u514b\u7279\u91cf\u8868\uff08Likert scale\uff09 \u4e3a\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f1932\u5e74\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u674e\u514b\u7279\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6001\u5ea6\u91cf\u8868\u3002\u5728\u89c2\u4f17\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e94\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u6570\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5404\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u7a0b \u5ea6\u5206\u6570\u3001\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u5206\u6570\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u76ee\u524d\u5357\u535a\u5404\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u4e0e\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6539\u5584\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u5357\u535a\u201c\u5f00\u653e\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\u662f\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u7ec4\u5efa\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u79c9\u627f\u7684\u539f\u5219\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u4ece\u89c2\u4f17\u8fdb\u9986\u5230\u7ed3\u675f\u53c2\u89c2\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5fc5\u987b\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u5730\u53bb\u5173\u5fc3\u548c\u7167\u987e\u89c2\u4f17\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5145\u5206\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u4f18\u8d28\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u521d\u8877\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u89c2\u4f17\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u534f\u8c03\u4e0b\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u80fd\u591f\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5357\u535a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6b64\u6b21\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u6ee1\u5206\u4e3a5 \u5206\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u5357\u535a\u201c\u6574\u4f53\u670d\u52a1\u91cd\u89c6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4e3a 4.26\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u89c2\u4f17\u6574\u4f53\u53c2\u89c2\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4e3a4.32\u3002\u201c\u5c55\u89c8\u5185\u5bb9\u4e30\u5bcc\u7a0b\u5ea6\u201d\u201c\u5c55\u89c8\u73af\u5883\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\uff08\u706f\u5149\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u8272\u5f69\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\u201d\u201c\u8bed\u97f3\u5bfc\u89c8\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u5bfc\u89c8\uff08\u542b\u89c6\u9891\u3001\u6587\u5b57\uff09\u201d\u662f\u89c2\u4f17\u975e\u5e38\u5728\u610f\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u670d\u52a1\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u8d85\u51fa\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5357\u535a\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\u548c\u5148\u8fdb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ed3\u8bed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u6280\u4e0e\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u670d\u52a1\u7ed3\u5408\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u667a\u6167\u535a\u7269\u9986\u662f\u987a\u5e94\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u9700\u6c42\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u65b9\u4fbf\u89c2\u4f17\u53c2\u89c2\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u9ad8\u8d28 \u91cf\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u8bb8\u591a\u535a\u7269\u9986\u90fd\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5efa\u8bbe\u667a\u6167 \u535a\u7269\u9986\uff0c\u5374\u9c9c\u6709\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5c06\u5b83\u8fd0\u7528\u5728\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u535a\u7269\u9986\u867d\u7136\u5f00\u5c55\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u662f\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d \u80fd\u5168\u9762\u53cd\u6620\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5357\u535a\u5728\u201c\u6cd5\u8001\u00b7\u738b\u201d \u201c\u5e1d\u738b\u76db\u4e16\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u5c55\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u5b9e\u8df5\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u89e3\u653e\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5728\u667a\u6167\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u5927\u80c6\u521b\u65b0\uff0c \u6253\u7834\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4f20\u7edf\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u89c2\u4f17\u7279\u5f81\u3001 \u89c2\u4f17\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u89c2\u4f17\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5168\u9762\u5b9e\u65f6\u4e86\u89e3\u89c2\u4f17\u3001\u9884\u89c1\u89c2\u4f17\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u4f17\u670d\u52a1\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e3a\u89c2\u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u7cbe \u51c6\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u518d\u4ee5\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u8bba\u68c0\u9a8c\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5faa\u73af\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u826f\u6027\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u68c0\u89c6\u5357\u535a\u670d\u52a1\u6210\u6548\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u5357\u535a\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6b21\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u534f\u52a9\u535a\u7269\u9986\u641c\u96c6\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u771f\u5b9e\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u5185\u5916\u517c\u987e\uff0c\u4ece\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u5916\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u8868\u73b0\u5230\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u60f3\u6cd5\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e0e\u89c2\u4f17\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u6548\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5357\u535a\u4e3a\u89c2\u4f17\u4ea4\u51fa\u7684\u8f83\u4e3a\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u201c\u7b54\u5377\u201d\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u5357\u535a\u76ee\u524d\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u4f17\u670d\u52a1\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u7b26\u5408\u535a\u7269\u9986 \u201c\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u672c\u201d\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5357\u535a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u76ee\u6807\u5e76\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u663e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u4f18\u5316\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u5357\u535a\u8fd8\u5c06 \u7d27\u8ddf\u65f6\u4ee3\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u6301\u4e4b\u4ee5\u6052\u5730\u5f00\u5c55\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u8ba9\u66f4\u591a\u89c2\u4f17\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e8b\u4e1a\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u4eab\u53d7\u6587\u5316\u76db\u5bb4\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u5df2\u53bb\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u5c06\u81f3\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u667a\u6167\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u4efb\u91cd\u800c\u9053\u8fdc\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u5316\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u667a\u6167\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6574\u4f53\u670d\u52a1\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4e3a\u89c2\u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5c06\u662f\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4eba\u4e0d\u65ad\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e3a\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6ee1\u8db3\u516c\u4f17\u591a\u5143\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u5316\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u535a\u7269\u9662\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u4f17\u670d\u52a1\u7406\u5ff5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u667a\u6167\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fbf\u6377\u670d\u52a1 \u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5e38\u89c4\u6027\u89c2\u4f17\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u521b\u65b0\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u89c2\u4f17\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[80],"class_list":["post-3631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cat35","tag-80","category-35","description-off"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3631","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3631"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3631\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3632,"href":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3631\/revisions\/3632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.91jiangjie.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}